Present Perfect Continuous: vety, cvičenia, testy a príklady

Present Perfect Continuous používame

Predprítomný priebehový čas sa používa na vyjadrenie deja, ktorý sa začal v minulosti a stále pokračuje, alebo sa práve skončil, ale teraz má viditeľný výsledok.

She has been working here for three years.
Pracuje tu už tri roky.

Present Perfect Continuous Forma

Subject + have/has been + V-ing

I have been studying all morning.
Celé dopoludnie som sa učil.
He has been waiting for you.
Čakal na teba.

Present Perfect Continuous Pravidlo

  • Používa sa pre dej, ktorý sa začal v minulosti a pokračuje až doteraz.
    I have been living in this city since 2022.
    V tomto meste žijem od roku 2022.
    They have been learning English for six months.
    Učia sa po anglicky už šesť mesiacov.
  • Používa sa na činnosť, ktorá sa nedávno skončila, ale jej výsledok je viditeľný aj teraz.
    She is tired because she has been running.
    Je unavená, pretože behala.
    Your clothes are wet because it has been raining.
    Tvoje oblečenie je mokré, pretože pršalo.
  • Zdôrazňuje trvanie alebo priebeh deja.
    We have been working on this project all week.
    Na tomto projekte pracujeme celý týždeň.
    He has been preparing for the exam since morning.
    Pripravuje sa na skúšku od rána.
  • Často sa používa s for a since na vyjadrenie trvania.
    I have been reading for two hours.
    Čítam už dve hodiny.
    She has been working here since January.
    Pracuje tu od januára.
  • Bežné časové výrazy zahŕňajú celý deň, celé dopoludnie, nedávno, v poslednom čase, počas a od.
    They have been talking all evening.
    Rozprávajú sa celý večer.
    I have been feeling tired lately.
    V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený.
  • Predprítomný priebehový čas sa zameriava na priebeh, zatiaľ čo predprítomný čas sa častejšie zameriava na výsledok.
    ✅ She has been writing emails all morning. (process)
    ✅ She has written five emails this morning. (result)
  • Niektoré slovesá sa zvyčajne nepoužívajú v priebehových časoch (vedieť, mať rád, chcieť, potrebovať, rozumieť).
    ✅ I have known her for years.
    ❌ I have been knowing her for years.

Present Perfect Continuous Negácia

  • Zápor sa tvorí pomocou have not been / has not been alebo skrátených tvarov haven't been / hasn't been.
    I haven't been sleeping well recently.
    V poslednom čase som nespal dobre.
    She hasn't been working much this week.
    Tento týždeň veľa nepracovala.
    They haven't been studying lately.
    V poslednom čase sa neučia.

Present Perfect Continuous Otázky

V otázkach stojí have alebo has pred podmetom.

Have/Has + subject + been + V-ing?
Wh-word + have/has + subject + been + V-ing?

Have you been waiting long?
Čakáte už dlho?
Has she been studying since morning?
Študuje od rána?
Why have they been arguing?
Prečo sa hádajú?
How long has he been working here?
Ako dlho tu pracuje?

Present Perfect Continuous Typické chyby

❌ She has been work all day.
✅ She has been working all day.
❌ I am been studying since morning.
✅ I have been studying since morning.
❌ Has he been wait long?
✅ Has he been waiting long?
❌ I have been knowing her for years.
✅ I have known her for years.
❌ She has worked all morning. (if you want to stress the process)
✅ She has been working all morning.

Present Perfect Continuous Vety

I have been preparing for the interview since breakfast.
Na pohovor sa pripravujem od raňajok.
She has been working on the report all day.
Celý deň pracuje na správe.
We have been waiting for the update for two hours.
Na aktualizáciu čakáme už dve hodiny.
He has been learning English since last year.
Učí sa po anglicky od minulého roka.
They have been discussing the new feature all morning.
Celé dopoludnie diskutovali o novej funkcii.
I have been trying to fix this bug since yesterday.
Snažím sa opraviť túto chybu už od včera.
She has been feeling much better recently.
V poslednom čase sa cíti oveľa lepšie.
We have been living here for a long time.
Žijeme tu už dlho.
He has been running every evening this month.
Tento mesiac každý večer beháva.
The team has been developing this feature for several weeks.
Tím vyvíja túto funkciu už niekoľko týždňov.

Present Perfect Continuous Príklady

I have been checking the document for the last twenty minutes.
Posledných dvadsať minút kontrolujem dokument.
She has been speaking to customers all afternoon.
Celé popoludnie sa rozpráva so zákazníkmi.
They have been working on the same task since Monday.
Na tej istej úlohe pracujú už od pondelka.
We have been looking for a better solution recently.
Nedávno sme hľadali lepšie riešenie.
He has been fixing the server since early morning.
Opravuje server už od skorého rána.
I have been thinking about your idea a lot lately.
V poslednom čase som veľa premýšľal o tvojom nápade.
She has been getting ready for the trip all day.
Celý deň sa pripravovala na cestu.
We have been testing the application since last week.
Aplikáciu testujeme od minulého týždňa.
He has been talking to HR about the new policy.
Hovorí s personálnym oddelením o novej politike.
They have been planning the event for months.
Plánujú túto udalosť už celé mesiace.

Cvičenia anglickej gramatiky dostupné v aplikácii

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to