Past Perfect: teikumi, vingrinājumi, testi un piemēri

Past Perfect izmantojam

Pluskvamperfektu lieto, lai runātu par darbību, kas notika pirms citas darbības vai laika punkta pagātnē.

She had left before I arrived.
Viņa bija aizgājusi, pirms es ierados.

Past Perfect Forma

Subject + had + V3.

I had finished the report before the meeting started.
Es biju pabeidzis ziņojumu, pirms sapulce sākās.
They had already gone home when we called.
Viņi jau bija aizgājuši mājās, kad mēs zvanījām.

Past Perfect Noteikums

  • Pagātnes saliktā perfektā forma parāda, ka viena darbība notika pirms citas darbības pagātnē.
    When I arrived, they had already started the meeting.
    Kad es ierados, viņi jau bija sākuši sapulci.
    He had locked the door before he left.
    Viņš bija aizslēdzis durvis, pirms aizgāja.
  • To bieži lieto ar before, after, when un by the time.
    By the time we got to the station, the train had left.
    Līdz brīdim, kad mēs nokļuvām stacijā, vilciens jau bija aizbraucis.
    After she had finished the task, she went for a walk.
    Pēc tam, kad viņa bija pabeigusi uzdevumu, viņa devās pastaigā.
  • To bieži lieto ar tādiem vārdiem kā jau, tikko un nekad.
    I had already seen that film before we watched it together.
    Es jau biju redzējis to filmu, pirms mēs to skatījāmies kopā.
    She had never visited that city before her business trip.
    Viņa nekad nebija apmeklējusi to pilsētu pirms sava komandējuma.
  • To bieži lieto ar tādiem izteicieniem kā līdz pulksten 5, līdz pirmdienai vai līdz nedēļas beigām, kad runājam par rezultātu pirms kāda pagātnes laika.
    By Friday, we had finished the project.
    Līdz piektdienai mēs bijām pabeiguši projektu.
    By the end of the day, she had answered all the emails.
    Līdz dienas beigām viņa bija atbildējusi uz visiem e-pastiem.
  • Pabeigto pagātnes laiku var izmantot, lai paskaidrotu iemeslu vai rezultātu pagātnē.
    He was tired because he had worked all night.
    Viņš bija noguris, jo bija strādājis visu nakti.
    They missed the flight because they had left home too late.
    Viņi nokavēja lidojumu, jo bija izgājuši no mājām pārāk vēlu.

Past Perfect Noliegums

  • Noliegumu veido ar had not vai saīsināto formu hadn't.
    I hadn't finished the report before the manager arrived.
    Es nebiju pabeidzis ziņojumu, pirms ieradās vadītājs.
    She hadn't seen the message before the meeting started.
    Viņa nebija redzējusi ziņojumu, pirms sākās sapulce.

Past Perfect Jautājumi

Jautājumos had nāk pirms teikuma priekšmeta.

Had + subject + V3?
Wh-word + had + subject + V3?

Had you finished the report before the deadline?
Vai tu biji pabeidzis ziņojumu pirms termiņa?
Had she left before you called?
Vai viņa aizgāja, pirms tu piezvanīji?
Why had they cancelled the meeting?
Kāpēc viņi bija atcēluši sapulci?
Where had he worked before he moved to London?
Kur viņš bija strādājis, pirms pārcēlās uz Londonu?

Past Perfect Tipiskas kļūdas

❌ She had went home before I arrived.
✅ She had gone home before I arrived.
❌ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting had started.
✅ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting started.
❌ Did you had finished the task before lunch?
✅ Had you finished the task before lunch?
❌ I was tired because I worked all night.
✅ I was tired because I had worked all night.

Past Perfect Teikumi

By the time we arrived, the conference had already started.
Līdz brīdim, kad mēs ieradāmies, konference jau bija sākusies.
She had prepared everything before the guests came.
Viņa bija visu sagatavojusi, pirms viesi atnāca.
I had saved the document before the computer crashed.
Es biju saglabājis dokumentu, pirms dators avarēja.
They had discussed the problem before they spoke to the manager.
Viņi bija apsprieduši problēmu, pirms runāja ar vadītāju.
He had never used that software before he joined the team.
Viņš nekad iepriekš nebija izmantojis šo programmatūru, pirms pievienojās komandai.
We had booked the tickets before we chose the hotel.
Mēs bijām rezervējuši biļetes, pirms izvēlējāmies viesnīcu.
She had already left when I got to the office.
Viņa jau bija aizgājusi, kad es ierados birojā.
They had finished dinner before the film started.
Viņi bija pabeiguši vakariņas, pirms filma sākās.
I had written the email before I noticed the mistake.
Es biju uzrakstījis e-pastu, pirms pamanīju kļūdu.
He had improved his English before he applied for the job.
Pirms viņš pieteicās darbam, viņš bija uzlabojis savu angļu valodu.

Past Perfect Piemēri

I had completed the task before my manager asked about it.
Es biju pabeidzis uzdevumu, pirms mans vadītājs par to pajautāja.
She had forgotten her password, so she couldn't log in.
Viņa bija aizmirsusi savu paroli, tāpēc nevarēja pieteikties.
They had already made a decision when we joined the meeting.
Viņi jau bija pieņēmuši lēmumu, kad mēs pievienojāmies sapulcei.
We had seen that place once before we moved there.
Mēs bijām redzējuši to vietu reiz, pirms pārcēlāmies uz turieni.
He had checked the code carefully before he published the update.
Viņš bija rūpīgi pārbaudījis kodu, pirms publicēja atjauninājumu.
I had never tried that kind of food before I went to Spain.
Es nekad agrāk nebiju mēģinājis tādu ēdienu, pirms devos uz Spāniju.
She had printed the documents before the client arrived.
Viņa bija izdrukājusi dokumentus, pirms ieradās klients.
We had cleaned the apartment before our friends came over.
Mēs bijām iztīrījuši dzīvokli, pirms mūsu draugi atnāca ciemos.
He had read the instructions before he started the test.
Viņš bija izlasījis norādījumus, pirms sāka testu.
They had moved to a new office before they hired more employees.
Viņi bija pārcēlušies uz jaunu biroju, pirms pieņēma darbā vairāk darbinieku.

Lietotnē pieejami angļu valodas gramatikas vingrinājumi

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to