Past Perfect: stavki, vaje, testi in primeri

Past Perfect uporabljamo

Pretekli dovršeni čas se uporablja za govor o dejanju, ki se je zgodilo pred drugim dejanjem ali časovno točko v preteklosti.

She had left before I arrived.
Odšla je, preden sem prispel.

Past Perfect Oblika

Subject + had + V3.

I had finished the report before the meeting started.
Poročilo sem končal, preden se je sestanek začel.
They had already gone home when we called.
Ko smo poklicali, so že odšli domov.

Past Perfect Pravilo

  • Predpreteklik kaže, da se je eno dejanje zgodilo pred drugim dejanjem v preteklosti.
    When I arrived, they had already started the meeting.
    Ko sem prispel, so sestanek že začeli.
    He had locked the door before he left.
    Zaklenil je vrata, preden je odšel.
  • Pogosto se uporablja z before, after, when in by the time.
    By the time we got to the station, the train had left.
    Ko smo prispeli na postajo, je vlak že odpeljal.
    After she had finished the task, she went for a walk.
    Ko je končala nalogo, je šla na sprehod.
  • Pogosto se uporablja z besedami, kot so already, just in never.
    I had already seen that film before we watched it together.
    Ta film sem bil že videl, preden sva ga gledala skupaj.
    She had never visited that city before her business trip.
    Pred službenim potovanjem še nikoli ni obiskala tistega mesta.
  • Pogosto se uporablja z izrazi, kot so do pete ure, do ponedeljka ali do konca tedna, ko govorimo o rezultatu pred nekim trenutkom v preteklosti.
    By Friday, we had finished the project.
    Do petka smo dokončali projekt.
    By the end of the day, she had answered all the emails.
    Do konca dneva je odgovorila na vsa elektronska sporočila.
  • Predpreteklik se lahko uporablja za pojasnitev razloga ali posledice v preteklosti.
    He was tired because he had worked all night.
    Bil je utrujen, ker je delal vso noč.
    They missed the flight because they had left home too late.
    Zamudili so let, ker so od doma odšli prepozno.

Past Perfect Zanikanje

  • Nikanje se tvori z had not ali s skrajšano obliko hadn't.
    I hadn't finished the report before the manager arrived.
    Poročila nisem dokončal, preden je prišel vodja.
    She hadn't seen the message before the meeting started.
    Sporočila ni videla, preden se je sestanek začel.

Past Perfect Vprašanja

V vprašanjih had stoji pred osebkom.

Had + subject + V3?
Wh-word + had + subject + V3?

Had you finished the report before the deadline?
Ali si poročilo dokončal pred rokom?
Had she left before you called?
Ali je odšla, preden si poklical?
Why had they cancelled the meeting?
Zakaj so odpovedali sestanek?
Where had he worked before he moved to London?
Kje je delal, preden se je preselil v London?

Past Perfect Tipične napake

❌ She had went home before I arrived.
✅ She had gone home before I arrived.
❌ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting had started.
✅ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting started.
❌ Did you had finished the task before lunch?
✅ Had you finished the task before lunch?
❌ I was tired because I worked all night.
✅ I was tired because I had worked all night.

Past Perfect Stavki

By the time we arrived, the conference had already started.
Ko smo prispeli, se je konferenca že začela.
She had prepared everything before the guests came.
Vse je pripravila, preden so prišli gostje.
I had saved the document before the computer crashed.
Dokument sem shranil, preden se je računalnik sesul.
They had discussed the problem before they spoke to the manager.
O težavi so razpravljali, preden so govorili z vodjo.
He had never used that software before he joined the team.
Nikoli prej ni uporabljal te programske opreme, preden se je pridružil ekipi.
We had booked the tickets before we chose the hotel.
Vstopnice smo rezervirali, preden smo izbrali hotel.
She had already left when I got to the office.
Ko sem prišel v pisarno, je že odšla.
They had finished dinner before the film started.
Končali so z večerjo, preden se je film začel.
I had written the email before I noticed the mistake.
E-pošto sem napisal, preden sem opazil napako.
He had improved his English before he applied for the job.
Preden se je prijavil na delovno mesto, je izboljšal svojo angleščino.

Past Perfect Primeri

I had completed the task before my manager asked about it.
Nalogo sem bil opravil, še preden je moj vodja vprašal o njej.
She had forgotten her password, so she couldn't log in.
Pozabila je svoje geslo, zato se ni mogla prijaviti.
They had already made a decision when we joined the meeting.
Odločitev so že sprejeli, ko smo se pridružili sestanku.
We had seen that place once before we moved there.
Tisti kraj smo videli enkrat prej, preden smo se tja preselili.
He had checked the code carefully before he published the update.
Preden je objavil posodobitev, je skrbno preveril kodo.
I had never tried that kind of food before I went to Spain.
Preden sem odšel v Španijo, še nikoli nisem poskusil takšne hrane.
She had printed the documents before the client arrived.
Dokumente je natisnila, preden je stranka prispela.
We had cleaned the apartment before our friends came over.
Preden so prišli naši prijatelji, smo pospravili stanovanje.
He had read the instructions before he started the test.
Preden je začel reševati test, je prebral navodila.
They had moved to a new office before they hired more employees.
Preselili so se v novo pisarno, preden so zaposlili več zaposlenih.

Vaje angleške slovnice, ki so na voljo v aplikaciji

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to