Modal Verbs: 句子、练习、测试和例句

Modal Verbs 使用

在这个主题中，我们使用 must、have to、don’t have to 和 mustn’t 来谈论义务、必要性、无必要和禁止。

I must finish this report today.
我今天必须完成这份报告。
We have to leave early tomorrow.
我们明天得早点离开。
You don’t have to bring any food.
你不用带任何食物。
Visitors mustn’t touch the paintings.
参观者不得触碰这些画作。

Modal Verbs 形式

Must 是一个情态动词。在 must 和 mustn’t 之后， 我们使用动词原形（V1），不带 to。 Have to 是一种不同的结构：它后面也跟动词， 但 have 的形式会变化：have to、has to、had to。

must + V1
mustn’t + V1
have to / has to / had to + V1
don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to + V1

She must call them now.
她现在必须给他们打电话。
He has to wear a uniform at work.
他上班时必须穿制服。
They had to cancel the meeting.
他们不得不取消会议。
We didn’t have to wait long.
我们没等多久。

Modal Verbs 规则

  • Must 用于表示强烈的必要性或义务。 它通常体现说话者自己的决定、强烈的感受， 或一条非常重要的规则。
    I must talk to her today.
    我今天必须和她谈谈。
    Passengers must wear seat belts.
    乘客必须系安全带。
  • Have to 通常用于表示义务来自外部：来自规则、日程安排、工作、学校、某种情况，或其他人。
    I have to get up at six for work.
    我得六点起床去上班。
    She has to show her ID at the entrance.
    她必须在入口处出示她的身份证件。
  • 对于过去的义务，我们通常使用had to。 我们一般不用must来谈论过去的义务。
    ✅ We had to leave early yesterday.
    ❌ We must leave early yesterday.
  • Mustn’t 表示禁止：这是不被允许的。 它不仅仅是建议，而是一条规则、一项禁令，或是非常强烈地要求不要做某事。
    You mustn’t park here.
    你不能把车停在这里。
    Students mustn’t use their phones during the test.
    考试期间，学生不得使用手机。
  • Don’t have to 意思是 没有必要。 这一点很重要：don’t have to 并不表示禁止。 你可以做这个动作，但这不是必须的。
    ✅ You don’t have to come early. (it is optional)
    ✅ You mustn’t come early. (it is not allowed)
  • 在 must 和 mustn’t 后面，我们只使用不带 to 的 V1。 在 have to 后面，我们也使用动词原形， 但该结构本身包含 to。
    ❌ You must to go now.
    ✅ You must go now.
    ✅ We have to leave now.
  • Must 不会随主语变化：I must、she must、they must。 但 have to 会变化：I have to、he has to、we had to。
    ✅ He must wait.
    ✅ He has to wait.
    ❌ He have to wait.
  • 在含有 must 的疑问句中，动词位于主语之前： Must I ...? 但在日常英语中，含有 have to 的疑问句通常更自然： Do I have to ...?
    Must I finish this now?
    我现在必须完成这个吗？
    Do we have to book in advance?
    我们必须提前预订吗？

Modal Verbs 否定

这个话题中有两种不同的否定含义。 Mustn’t = 不被允许，表示禁止。 Don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to = 过去 / 现在没有必要， 所以没有义务。

mustn’t + V1
don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to + V1

You mustn’t tell anyone about this.
你千万不能把这件事告诉任何人。
He doesn’t have to work on Sundays.
他星期天不用工作。
We didn’t have to pay for parking.
我们不用付停车费。

Modal Verbs 问题

含有 must 的疑问句不需要借助 do 来构成。 含有 have to 的疑问句则需要借助 do / does / did 来构成。

Must + subject + V1?
Do / Does / Did + subject + have to + V1?

Must I sign here?
我必须在这里签字吗？
Do you have to wear a tie at work?
你上班一定要打领带吗？
Does she have to come with us?
她必须和我们一起去吗？
Did they have to wait outside?
他们必须在外面等吗？

Modal Verbs 常见错误

❌ You must to stop now.
✅ You must stop now.
❌ We haven’t to wear a uniform.
✅ We don’t have to wear a uniform.
❌ Do I must pay now?
✅ Must I pay now?
❌ He doesn’t has to come.
✅ He doesn’t have to come.
❌ We must go home yesterday.
✅ We had to go home yesterday.
❌ You don’t have to smoke here. (if you mean prohibition)
✅ You mustn’t smoke here.
❌ She mustn’t to touch it.
✅ She mustn’t touch it.

Modal Verbs 句子

I must remember to call my dentist.
我必须记得给我的牙医打电话。
We have to change trains in Berlin.
我们得在柏林换乘火车。
You don’t have to hurry; we still have time.
你不用着急；我们还有时间。
Visitors mustn’t feed the animals.
游客不得喂食动物。
She has to wear glasses for reading.
她看书时必须戴眼镜。
Must we bring our passports?
我们必须带护照吗？
They had to stay at the airport overnight.
他们不得不在机场过夜。
He doesn’t have to cook tonight.
他今晚不必做饭。
You mustn’t open this door.
你绝不能打开这扇门。
Do I have to fill in all the boxes?
我必须填写所有方框吗？

Modal Verbs 例子

I must finish this email before lunch.
我必须在午饭前写完这封电子邮件。
My brother has to travel a lot for work.
我哥哥因工作需要经常出差。
You don’t have to bring a gift to the party.
你不必带礼物来参加聚会。
Employees mustn’t share their passwords with anyone.
员工绝不能与任何人分享他们的密码。
We had to walk because there were no taxis.
我们只好步行，因为没有出租车。
Does he have to wear a suit every day?
他每天都得穿西装吗？
You must be quiet in the library.
在图书馆里你必须保持安静。
I don’t have to work this Saturday.
我这个星期六不用上班。
Students mustn’t copy answers during the exam.
学生在考试期间不得抄袭答案。
Why did they have to leave so early?
他们为什么非得这么早离开？

应用中提供的英语语法练习

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural