Comparatives: sözlemler, maşklar, synaglar we mysallar

Comparatives ulanyarys

Biz iki adamy, zady, ýeri, ýagdaýy ýa-da hereketi deňeşdirmek üçin deňeşdirme derejelerini ulanýarys. Olar bir zadyň bir häsiýeti boýunça has köp, has az ýa-da şol bir derejä eýedigini görkezýär: has uzyn, has gyzykly, has arzan, şol bir çaltlykda.

Deňeşdirmeler diňe bir sypatlar bilen däl, eýsem hallar bilen hem ulanylýar. Sypatlar atlary suratlandyrýar, hallar bolsa hereketleri we bir zadyň nähili bolup geçýändigini suratlandyrýar.

My new laptop is lighter than my old one.
Täze noutbugym köne noutbugymdan has ýeňil.
This exercise is more difficult than the previous one.
Bu türgenleşdirme öňküsinden has kyn.
She speaks more clearly than her brother.
Ol doganyndan has aýdyň gepleýär.
Today is less windy than yesterday.
Bu gün düýnkiden az ýelli.

Comparatives Forma

Deňeşdirmeler sypata ýa-da hal ýagdaýyna görä dürli usullar bilen emele getirilýär. Gysga sözler, adatça, -er goşulmasyny alýar, has uzyn sözler bolsa, adatça, more bilen ulanylýar, pes dereje köplenç less arkaly aňladylýar. Käbir görnüşler kadadan çykýar.

short adjective/adverb → word + -er + than
long adjective/adverb → more + word + than
lower degree → less + word + than
equal comparison → as + word + as

Görnüşi Esasy görnüşi Deňeşdirme derejesi Mysal
Gysga sypatname tall taller taller than
-e bilen tamamlanýar nice nicer nicer than
Gysga goşa çekimli sypat big bigger bigger than
Soňky sesi çekimsiz + y bilen gutarýan busy busier busier than
Uzyn sypatlandyryjy söz interesting more interesting more interesting than
-ly bilen gutarýan hallanma söz carefully more carefully more carefully than
Gysga ýagdaý hallary fast faster faster than
Pes dereje expensive / often less expensive / less often less expensive than / less often than
Kadaly däl good / well / bad / badly / far / much / many / little better / better / worse / worse / farther(further) / more / more / less better than / worse than
Your bag is heavier than mine.
Seniň sumkaň meniňkiden has agyr.
He arrived earlier than the others.
Ol beýlekilerden öň geldi.
This road is far less busy at night.
Bu ýol gije ep-esli az gatnawly bolýar.

Comparatives Düzgünlik

  • Deňeşdirme derejesindäki sypatlary we hallary iki adamy, zady ýa-da hereketi deňeşdirmek ýa-da wagtyň geçmegi bilen üýtgemäni görkezmek üçin ulanyň.
    This room is brighter than the kitchen.
    Bu otag aşhanadan has ýagtyrak.
    I feel better today.
    Men şu gün özümi has gowy duýýaryn.
  • Biz köplenç deňeşdirme derejesinden soň than-y ulanýarys.
    Her answer was more accurate than mine.
    Onuň jogaby meniňkiden has takykdy.
    Tom runs faster than Alex.
    Tom Aleksden has çalt ylgaýar.
  • Atlary suratlandyrmak üçin deňeşdirme sypatlaryny, hereketleri suratlandyrmak üçin bolsa deňeşdirme hal ýagdaýlaryny ulanyň.
    This book is more useful than that one.
    Bu kitap ondan has peýdalydyr.
    She explained the rule more clearly than the video did.
    Ol düzgüni wideodan has düşnükli düşündirdi.
  • Pes derejäni görkezmek üçin less + adjective/adverb + than gurluşyny ulanyň.
    This option is less risky than the first one.
    Bu saýlaw birinjisinden has az töwekgelçiliklidir.
    We travel less often than we used to.
    Biz öňki ýaly ýygy-ýygydan syýahat etmeýäris.
  • Deň deňeşdirmek üçin as + adjective/adverb + as, deň däldigi görkezmek üçin bolsa not as ... as ulanyň. as-dan soň gelýän sypaty ýa-da hallanýan sözi üýtgetmäň.
    My phone is as fast as yours.
    Meniň telefonym seniňki ýaly çalt.
    He doesn't speak English as confidently as his sister.
    Ol iňlisçe uýasy ýaly ynamly geplemeýär.
  • Bir üýtgeşmäniň başga birine sebäp bolýandygyny görkezmek üçin the + comparative ..., the + comparative ... gurluşyny ulanyň.
    The more you read, the easier this grammar becomes.
    Näçe köp okaýsaň, bu grammatika şonça-da aňsat bolýar.
    The earlier we leave, the sooner we arrive.
    Näçe ir gitsek, şonça-da tiz ýeteris.
  • Biz köplenç deňeşdirmeleri much, far, a lot ýaly sözler bilen güýçlendirýäris ýa-da a bit, a little, slightly bilen az tapawudy görkezýäris.
    This version is much better than the old one.
    Bu görnüşi köne görnüşinden has gowy.
    The blue sofa is a little cheaper than the grey one.
    Gök diwan çal reňklisinden biraz arzan.
  • Käbir iki bogunly sypatlar hakyky ulanylyşda deň derejede dogry bolan iki deňeşdirme görnüşine eýe bolup biler, mysal üçin cleverer / more clever ýa-da narrower / more narrow. Okuwçylar üçin niýetlenen mazmunda yzygiderli bolmak has gowudyr.

Comparatives Adaty ýalňyşlyklar

❌ He is more taller than his brother.
✅ He is taller than his brother.
❌ English is more easy than Chinese.
✅ English is easier than Chinese.
❌ She drives carefullier than me.
✅ She drives more carefully than me.
❌ Kate learns as faster as Tom.
✅ Kate learns as fast as Tom.
❌ The more you practise, better you get.
✅ The more you practise, the better you get.
❌ My new phone is more better.
✅ My new phone is better.

Comparatives Sözlemler

My sister is younger than me.
Uýam mendan ýaşdyr.
This test is more difficult than the last one.
Bu synag öňküden has kyn.
Winter in the mountains is much colder than winter by the sea.
Daglarda gyş deňziň kenaryndaky gyşdan has sowuk bolýar.
He works more efficiently than he did last year.
Ol geçen ýyldaka garanda has netijeli işleýär.
Our new office is less noisy than the old one.
Täze ofisimiz köne ofisden has az sesli.
I get up earlier than my parents on weekdays.
Men iş günlerinde ene-atamdan has ir turýaryn.
This café is as popular as the restaurant across the street.
Bu kafe köçäniň aňyrsyndaky restoran ýaly meşhurdyr.
Your explanation was far clearer than mine.
Siziň düşündirişiňiz meniňkiden has düşnükli boldy.
The more examples you read, the more confident you feel.
Näçe köp mysal okasaňyz, özüňize bolan ynamyňyz şonça-da artýar.
Today the traffic is worse than yesterday.
Şu gün ulag gatnawy düýnkiden has erbet.

Programmada elýeterli iňlis grammatikasy boýunça maşklar

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural