Something, Anything, Nothing, etc.: sözlemler, maşklar, synaglar we mysallar

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. ulanyarys

Bir zat, islendik zat, hiç zat we ş.m. nämälim çalyşmalardyr. Olar bize anyk adamy, zady ýa-da ýeri aýtmaýan wagtymyz adamlar, zatlar ýa-da ýerler barada gürleşmäge kömek edýär.

There is nothing interesting on TV, so I am going to read something.
Telewizorda gyzykly hiç zat ýok, şonuň üçin men bir zat okamakçy.
Are you doing anything interesting tonight?
Şu gije gyzykly bir zat edýärsiňmi?
Nobody came to Jeff's party because he didn't tell anyone the date.
Hiç kim Jeffiň oturylyşygyna gelmedi, sebäbi ol hiç kime senesini aýtmady.
I want to go somewhere warm.
Men ýyly bir ýere gitmek isleýärin.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Forma

Bu sözler ýönekeý gurluşa eýerýär: some / any / no / every + adam, zat ýa-da ýer üçin bir soňluk.

Manysyny some- any- no- every-
adamlar someone
somebody		 anyone
anybody		 no one
nobody		 everyone
everybody
zatlar / hakykatlar / hereketler something anything nothing everything
ýerler somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
  • -body we -one diýen goşulmalar diýen ýaly hemişe bir zady aňladýar: somebody = someone, anybody = anyone, nobody = no one.
  • Hiç kimse adatça iki söz hökmünde ýazylýar. Noone ýalňyşdyr.
  • Bu çalyşmalar adatça birligi bildirýän işligi alýar: Everyone is..., Something is..., Nobody knows...
I saw somebody on the roof.
Men üçegiň üstünde birini gördüm.
Do you know anyone famous?
Tanymal biri tanýaňmy?
She didn't buy anything.
Ol hiç zat satyn almady.
There is nothing to eat.
Iýmäge hiç zat ýok.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Düzgünlik

  • some- bilen başlaýan sözler, näbelli adam, zat ýa-da ýer barada gürlänimizde, köplenç oňyn sözlemlerde ulanylýar.
    Someone is at the door.
    Biri gapynyň agzynda.
    Ann had to buy something new.
    Enne täze bir zat satyn almaly boldy.
    Let's go somewhere quiet.
    Ümsüm bir ýere gideli.
  • any- bilen başlanýan sözler köplenç inkär sözlemlerinde we bitarap soraglarda ulanylýar.
    She couldn't find anything suitable in her closet.
    Ol öz şkafynda laýyk gelýän hiç zady tapyp bilmedi.
    Has anybody seen my keys?
    Açarlarmy gören barmy?
    I can't find my dog anywhere.
    Men itimi hiç ýerde tapyp bilemok.
  • Oňyn sözlemlerde, anyone / anything / anywhere “islendik adam / islendik zat / islendik ýer” diýen manyny berip biler.
    Anyone can learn English with enough practice.
    Islendik adam ýeterlik maşk bilen iňlis dilini öwrenip biler.
    You can choose anything from this menu.
    Bu menýudan islän zadyňyzy saýlap bilersiňiz.
    We can sit anywhere you like.
    Biz seniň halaýan ýeriňde oturyp bileris.
  • no- bilen başlanýan sözler eýýäm inkärdir, şonuň üçin biz olary adatça işligiň oňyn görnüşi bilen ulanýarys.

    no one / nobody / nothing / nowhere + positive verb

    Nothing happened.
    Hiç zat bolmady.
    I have nobody to talk to.
    Meniň gürleşmäge hiç kimim ýok.
    There was nowhere to park.
    Maşyn goýmaga ýer ýokdy.
  • every- bilen başlanýan sözler “ähli adamlar / ähli zatlar / ähli ýerler” diýen manyny berýär, ýöne grammatik taýdan olar köplenç birlikdäki işligi alýar.
    Everyone likes this teacher.
    Hemmeler bu mugallymy halaýar.
    Everything is ready for the party.
    Oturylyşyk üçin ähli zat taýýar.
    There are toys everywhere.
    Oýnawaçlar hemme ýerde bar.
  • Sypat sözi näbelli çalyşmadan soň gelýär: gyzykly bir zat, meşhur bir adam, ýyly bir ýer.
    There is nothing interesting on TV.
    Telewizorda gyzykly hiç zat ýok.
    I want to buy something useful.
    Men peýdaly bir zat satyn almak isleýärin.
    Do you know anyone famous?
    Tanymal biri tanýaňmy?
  • Biz köplenç bu çalyşmalardan soň to + infinitive ulanýarys: içmäge bir zat, etmäge hiç zat, kömek etjek biri.
    I'd like something to drink, please.
    Men bir zat içmek islärdim, haýyş edýärin.
    There is nothing to do in this town.
    Bu şäherde etmeli hiç zat ýok.
    We need someone to explain the rules.
    Bize düzgünleri düşündirjek biri gerek.
  • Else näbelli çalyşmadan soň gelýär we “başga / beýlekisi / goşmaça” diýmegi aňladýar.
    Can I ask you something else?
    Men senden ýene bir zat sorap bilerinmi?
    No one else knew the answer.
    Başga hiç kimse jogaby bilmeýärdi.
    If Tom can't come, we'll ask somebody else.
    Eger Tom gelip bilmese, biz başga birinden sorarys.
  • Eýelik görkezmek üçin 's goşup bileris: kimdir biriniň sumkasy, islendik biriniň paltosy, başga biriniň telefony.
    This is somebody's notebook.
    Bu kimdir biriniň depderi.
    Is this anybody's coat?
    Bu kimdir biriniň paltosymy?

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Inkär

Iňlis dilinde biz adatça bir ýönekeý sözlemde iki sany inkär ulanmaýarys. Şonuň üçin bir gurluşy saýlaýarys: ýa-da inkär işlik + any-, ýa-da oňyn işlik + no-.

not + anyone / anybody / anything / anywhere
= no one / nobody / nothing / nowhere

✅ I didn't hear anything.
✅ I heard nothing.
✅ I don't know anyone in this town.
✅ I know no one in this town.
✅ We didn't go anywhere.
✅ We went nowhere.
  • not / never / hardly / seldom sözlerinden soň, biz adatça no- däl-de, any- ulanýarys.
    ✅ I have never seen anything like this.
    ❌ I have never seen nothing like this.
    ✅ She hardly knows anyone here.
    ❌ She hardly knows no one here.
  • Eger otrisatel çalyşma eýe bolsa, no- ulanyň we işligiň oňyn görnüşini ulanyň.
    ✅ Nobody came.
    ❌ Anybody didn't come.
    ✅ Nothing will change my mind.
    ❌ Not anything will change my mind.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Soraglar

Bitarap soraglarda, adatça, anyone / anybody / anything / anywhere ulanýarys. Haýyşlarda we tekliplerde bolsa, köplenç some- ulanýarys, sebäbi oňyn jogaba garaşýarys ýa-da kömek teklip edýäris.

Is there + anything / anyone...?
Do / Did / Have + subject + anything / anyone / anywhere...?
Would you like + something...?
Can someone / somebody + verb...?

Is there anything in the bag?
Torbaň içinde bir zat barmy?
Did you meet anyone at the party?
Sen oturylyşykda biri bilen tanyşdyňmy?
Have you seen my keys anywhere?
Açarlarymy bir ýerde görmediňmi?
Would you like something to eat?
Bir zat iýesiňiz gelýärmi?
Can somebody help me?
Kimdir maňa kömek edip bilermi?
Are you looking for someone?
Kimdir birini gözleýärsiňizmi?

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Adaty ýalňyşlyklar

Iň köp duş gelýän ýalňyşlyklar goşa inkärler, sypatyň nädogry ýerleşdirilişi, everyone / everything-den soň köplükdäki işlikler we no one-yň ýazylyşydyr.

❌ I didn't see nothing.
✅ I didn't see anything.
✅ I saw nothing.
❌ Nobody didn't come.
✅ Nobody came.
❌ There isn't nowhere to sit.
✅ There isn't anywhere to sit.
✅ There is nowhere to sit.
❌ I don't know nobody here.
✅ I don't know anybody here.
✅ I know nobody here.
❌ I need interesting something to read.
✅ I need something interesting to read.
❌ Do you know someone here? (neutral question)
✅ Do you know anyone here?
✅ Are you looking for someone? (expected answer: yes)
❌ Everyone are ready.
✅ Everyone is ready.
❌ Everything were expensive.
✅ Everything was expensive.
❌ Noone called me.
✅ No one called me.
✅ Nobody called me.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Sözlemler

Someone left a message for you.
Biri size habar galdyrypdyr.
I need something for my headache.
Kelläm üçin maňa bir zat gerek.
Let's go somewhere quiet after work.
Işden soň ümsüm bir ýere gideli.
Did anyone call while I was out?
Men ýokkam, kimdir biri jaň etdimi?
There isn't anything in the fridge.
Holodilnikde hiç zat ýok.
I couldn't find my wallet anywhere.
Men gapjygymy hiç ýerde tapyp bilmedim.
Nobody knew the answer.
Hiç kim jogaby bilmeýärdi.
There was nothing that could fit her.
Oňa laýyk geljek hiç zat ýokdy.
There is nowhere to park near the school.
Mekdebiň golaýynda ulag goýara ýer ýok.
Everyone was happy with the result.
Hemmesi netijeden hoşaldy.
Everything looks different in the morning.
Hemme zat irden başgaça görünýär.
There were flowers everywhere.
Hemme ýerde güller bardy.
I want to tell you something important.
Men saňa möhüm bir zady aýtmak isleýärin.
She didn't meet anyone interesting at the conference.
Ol maslahatda hiç kimi gyzykly görmedi.
We have nothing to lose.
Biz ýitirere hiç zadymyz ýok.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Mysallar

A: Is there anything interesting on TV?
B: No, there is nothing interesting. Let's read something instead.
A: Did anyone come to the party?
B: No, nobody came because Jeff didn't tell anyone the date.
A: Would you like something to drink?
B: Yes, please. Do you have anything cold?
A: I can't find my keys anywhere.
B: Maybe they are somewhere in the kitchen.
A: Can someone explain this rule?
B: Yes. Everyone needs to understand the difference between anything and nothing.
Ann needed something to wear, but she couldn't find anything suitable, so she bought something new.
Ann geýinjek bir zat gerekdi, ýöne ol laýyk hiç zat tapyp bilmedi, şonuň üçin ol täze bir zat satyn aldy.
I don't know anyone in this town, but I hope to meet someone nice soon.
Men bu şäherde hiç kimi tanamok, ýöne tiz wagtdan gowy biri bilen tanyşaryn diýip umyt edýärin.

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Maslahat

Bu maşky hakyky sözlemde Something, Anything, Nothing we ş.m.-leri ulanyp bilýändigiňizi barlamak üçin ulanyň.

Programmada elýeterli iňlis grammatikasy boýunça maşklar

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural