Quantifiers koristimo
Kvantifikatori su riječi i izrazi koji pokazuju količinu: puno, malo, nekoliko, dovoljno, previše ili premnogi. Pomažu odgovoriti na pitanja Koliko? i Koliko ih je?.
There is too much rain and not enough sun in London.
U Londonu ima previše kiše, a premalo sunca.
U Londonu ima previše kiše, a premalo sunca.
I have too much work today. There are too many tasks and not enough time.
Danas imam previše posla. Ima previše zadataka i premalo vremena.
Danas imam previše posla. Ima previše zadataka i premalo vremena.
The green hat was too big, but the blue hat was big enough.
Zeleni šešir bio je prevelik, ali plavi šešir bio je dovoljno velik.
Zeleni šešir bio je prevelik, ali plavi šešir bio je dovoljno velik.
We have a few apples and a little milk.
Imamo nekoliko jabuka i malo mlijeka.
Imamo nekoliko jabuka i malo mlijeka.
Quantifiers Oblik
Glavno pravilo je: prvo provjerite kakvu imenicu imate — brojivu ili nebrojivu.
| Vrsta imenice | Koristi | Primjeri |
| Brojive imenice | many, too many, several, a few, few, a lot of, lots of, some, any, enough | many tasks too many cars a few friends enough chairs |
| Nebrojive imenice | much, too much, a little, a bit of, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any, enough | much time too much rain a little milk enough money |
countable plural: many / too many / a few + plural noun
uncountable: much / too much / a little + uncountable noun
There are too many toys in our son's room.
Ima previše igračaka u sobi našeg sina.
Ima previše igračaka u sobi našeg sina.
You added too much salt to this soup.
Dodao si previše soli u ovu juhu.
Dodao si previše soli u ovu juhu.
We baked enough cakes for all the guests.
Ispekli smo dovoljno kolača za sve goste.
Ispekli smo dovoljno kolača za sve goste.
We didn't have enough time to finish the test.
Nismo imali dovoljno vremena da završimo test.
Nismo imali dovoljno vremena da završimo test.
Previše i dovoljno s pridjevima / prilozima
| Obrazac | Značenje | Primjer |
| too + adjective / adverb | previše, više nego što je potrebno | This tea is too hot. |
| adjective / adverb + enough | dovoljno | The blue hat was big enough. |
| not + adjective / adverb + enough | nedovoljno, nije dovoljno | The Christmas tree isn't tall enough. |
| enough + noun | dovoljna količina / broj | We have enough money. |
The coffee is too hot. Don't drink it too fast.
Kava je prevruća. Nemoj je piti prebrzo.
Kava je prevruća. Nemoj je piti prebrzo.
He plays well enough to win the championship.
On igra dovoljno dobro da osvoji prvenstvo.
On igra dovoljno dobro da osvoji prvenstvo.
This house is cheap enough for Mary to buy.
Ova je kuća dovoljno jeftina da je Mary može kupiti.
Ova je kuća dovoljno jeftina da je Mary može kupiti.
Quantifiers Pravilo
-
Koristite many i too many s brojivim imenicama u množini.
many / too many + plural countable noun
There are too many cars on the road.
Na cesti je previše automobila.How many students are there in your class?
Koliko učenika ima u vašem razredu? -
Koristite much i too much s nebrojivim imenicama.
much / too much + uncountable noun
There is too much traffic in the city centre.
U središtu grada ima previše prometa.How much money do you need?
Koliko novca trebate? -
Previše i previše mnogo znače „više nego što je potrebno”, a to je obično problem.
I can't sleep because there is too much noise.
Ne mogu spavati jer ima previše buke.There are too many people in this small room.
Previše je ljudi u ovoj maloj sobi. -
Dovoljno uz imenicu dolazi prije imenice: dovoljno novca, dovoljno mjesta, dovoljno vremena.
enough + noun
I have enough money to buy a new laptop.
Imam dovoljno novca da kupim novi laptop.There aren't enough seats in the room for everyone.
Nema dovoljno sjedala u prostoriji za sve. -
Dovoljno uz pridjev ili prilog dolazi nakon njega: dovoljno velik, dovoljno brzo, dovoljno zanimljiv.
adjective / adverb + enough
The red hat wasn't big enough.
Crveni šešir nije bio dovoljno velik.You didn't talk quietly enough, so you woke the baby.
Nisi razgovarao dovoljno tiho, pa si probudio bebu. -
Nekoliko se koristi s brojivim imenicama u množini i znači „nešto, mali broj, ali dovoljno”.
I have a few ideas for the project.
Imam nekoliko ideja za projekt.We invited a few friends to dinner.
Pozvali smo nekoliko prijatelja na večeru. -
Malo i pomalo koriste se s nebrojivim imenicama i znače „nešto, malu količinu, ali dovoljno”.
There is a little milk in the fridge.
U hladnjaku ima malo mlijeka.We've got a bit of time before our train.
Imamo još malo vremena prije našeg vlaka. -
Few i little bez a zvuče negativnije: „ne mnogo / ne puno, gotovo ništa, manje nego što je potrebno“.
She has few friends, so she feels lonely.
Ona ima malo prijatelja, pa se osjeća usamljeno.We have little time, so we must hurry.
Imamo malo vremena, pa moramo požuriti. -
Puno i mnogo mogu se koristiti i s brojivim i s nebrojivim imenicama. U svakodnevnom engleskom često zvuče prirodnije od much i many u potvrdnim rečenicama.
There are a lot of books on the shelf.
Na polici ima mnogo knjiga.She gave me lots of useful information.
Dala mi je mnogo korisnih informacija. -
Some je češći u potvrdnim rečenicama, dok je any čest u pitanjima i niječnim rečenicama. Ali some se također koristi u molbama i ponudama kada očekujemo potvrdan odgovor.
We bought some apples.
Kupili smo nekoliko jabuka.Do you have any questions?
Imate li kakvih pitanja?Would you like some tea?
Biste li htjeli malo čaja?
Quantifiers Nijekanje
U niječnim rečenicama često koristimo nedovoljno, ne mnogo, ne mnogo i ništa.
-
nedovoljno + imenica znači „manje od potrebne količine ili broja”.
We don't have enough time to finish the test.
Nemamo dovoljno vremena da završimo test.There aren't enough chairs for everyone.
Nema dovoljno stolica za sve. -
not + pridjev / prilog + enough znači „nedovoljno u kvaliteti ili stupnju”.
This book is not interesting enough.
Ova knjiga nije dovoljno zanimljiva.You didn't write clearly enough.
Nisi napisao dovoljno jasno. -
Koristite not much s nebrojivim imenicama, a not many s brojivim imenicama u množini.
There isn't much food left.
Nije ostalo puno hrane.There aren't many people in the office today.
Danas nema mnogo ljudi u uredu. -
Any se često koristi nakon niječnog glagola.
I don't have any money with me.
Nemam novca kod sebe.We didn't buy any vegetables.
Nismo kupili nikakvo povrće.
Quantifiers Pitanja
Za postavljanje pitanja o količini upotrijebite How many...? s brojivim imenicama i How much...? s nebrojivim imenicama.
How many + plural countable noun + ...?
How much + uncountable noun + ...?
Do / Does / Did + subject + have + enough + noun?
Is / Are + subject + too + adjective?
How many tasks do you have today?
Koliko zadataka danas imaš?
Koliko zadataka danas imaš?
How much work do you have today?
Koliko posla imaš danas?
Koliko posla imaš danas?
Do we have enough time?
Imamo li dovoljno vremena?
Imamo li dovoljno vremena?
Are there enough seats for everyone?
Ima li dovoljno mjesta za sjedenje za sve?
Ima li dovoljno mjesta za sjedenje za sve?
Is the coffee too hot?
Je li kava prevruća?
Je li kava prevruća?
Would you like some tea?
Biste li htjeli malo čaja?
Biste li htjeli malo čaja?
Quantifiers Tipične pogreške
Uobičajene pogreške događaju se zato što učenici brkaju brojive i nebrojive imenice ili stavljaju dovoljno na pogrešno mjesto.
❌ There are too much cars on the road.
✅ There are too many cars on the road.
❌ I have too many work today.
✅ I have too much work today.
❌ I have not money enough to buy a laptop.
✅ I don't have enough money to buy a laptop.
❌ The Christmas tree isn't enough tall.
✅ The Christmas tree isn't tall enough.
❌ We have a few time before the train.
✅ We have a little time before the train.
❌ There is a little chairs in the room.
✅ There are a few chairs in the room.
❌ Do you have some questions?
✅ Do you have any questions?
U neutralnom pitanju obično koristimo any. U zahtjevu ili ponudi moguće je some: Biste li htjeli malo čaja?
❌ She gave me many useful information.
✅ She gave me a lot of useful information.
✅ She gave me much useful information. (correct, but more formal / less common in everyday speech)
Quantifiers Rečenice
I don't like this weather. There is too much rain and not enough sun.
Ne sviđa mi se ovo vrijeme. Ima previše kiše i premalo sunca.
Ne sviđa mi se ovo vrijeme. Ima previše kiše i premalo sunca.
There are too many tasks on my list today.
Danas imam previše zadataka na svom popisu.
Danas imam previše zadataka na svom popisu.
We have enough money to buy the tickets.
Imamo dovoljno novca da kupimo karte.
Imamo dovoljno novca da kupimo karte.
There aren't enough seats for all the students.
Nema dovoljno mjesta za sve učenike.
Nema dovoljno mjesta za sve učenike.
The room is too noisy for studying.
Soba je previše bučna za učenje.
Soba je previše bučna za učenje.
She speaks slowly enough for everyone to understand.
Ona govori dovoljno polako da je svi mogu razumjeti.
Ona govori dovoljno polako da je svi mogu razumjeti.
I need a little time to think.
Treba mi malo vremena za razmišljanje.
Treba mi malo vremena za razmišljanje.
We bought a few sandwiches for the trip.
Kupili smo nekoliko sendviča za put.
Kupili smo nekoliko sendviča za put.
There isn't much sugar in this tea.
Nema mnogo šećera u ovom čaju.
Nema mnogo šećera u ovom čaju.
There aren't many shops near my house.
Nema mnogo trgovina u blizini moje kuće.
Nema mnogo trgovina u blizini moje kuće.
My brother has several books about space.
Moj brat ima nekoliko knjiga o svemiru.
Moj brat ima nekoliko knjiga o svemiru.
We have some bread, but we don't have any butter.
Imamo nešto kruha, ali nemamo nimalo maslaca.
Imamo nešto kruha, ali nemamo nimalo maslaca.
Quantifiers Primjeri
A: How much time do we have before the lesson?
B: We have a little time, but not much. Let's start now.
A: How many students are coming to the party?
B: I invited a few friends, but there aren't too many people.
A: Can we buy this laptop?
B: Yes, we have enough money. It is cheap enough for us.
A: Why can't you finish the test?
B: There are too many questions, and we don't have enough time.
The soup has too much salt, so it isn't tasty enough for the guests.
Juha je preslana, pa nije dovoljno ukusna za goste.
Juha je preslana, pa nije dovoljno ukusna za goste.
We brought a few bottles of water and a little food, but it wasn't enough for the whole day.
Ponijeli smo nekoliko boca vode i malo hrane, ali to nije bilo dovoljno za cijeli dan.
Ponijeli smo nekoliko boca vode i malo hrane, ali to nije bilo dovoljno za cijeli dan.
There were lots of people at the station, but there weren't many seats.
Na stanici je bilo puno ljudi, ali nije bilo mnogo sjedala.
Na stanici je bilo puno ljudi, ali nije bilo mnogo sjedala.
