Something, Anything, Nothing, etc.: реченице, вежбе, тестови и примери

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. koristimo

Нешто, било шта, ништа, итд. су неодређене заменице. Оне нам помажу да говоримо о људима, стварима или местима када не наводимо тачно коју особу, предмет или место.

There is nothing interesting on TV, so I am going to read something.
Na TV-u nema ničeg zanimljivog, pa ću nešto čitati.
Are you doing anything interesting tonight?
Радиш ли нешто занимљиво вечерас?
Nobody came to Jeff's party because he didn't tell anyone the date.
Нико није дошао на Џефову журку јер никоме није рекао датум.
I want to go somewhere warm.
Желим да одем негде где је топло.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Форма

Ове речи прате једноставан образац: some / any / no / every + наставак за особу, ствар или место.

Значење some- any- no- every-
људи someone
somebody		 anyone
anybody		 no one
nobody		 everyone
everybody
stvari / činjenice / radnje something anything nothing everything
mesta somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
  • -body i -one skoro uvek znače isto: somebody = someone, anybody = anyone, nobody = no one.
  • Niko se obično piše kao dve reči. Noone je greška.
  • Ove zamenice obično idu uz glagol u jednini: Svi su..., Nešto je..., Niko ne zna...
I saw somebody on the roof.
Видео сам некога на крову.
Do you know anyone famous?
Да ли познајеш некога познатог?
She didn't buy anything.
Није купила ништа.
There is nothing to eat.
Нема ништа за јело.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Правило

  • Речи са some- најчешће се користе у потврдним реченицама када говоримо о неодређеној особи, ствари или месту.
    Someone is at the door.
    Неко је на вратима.
    Ann had to buy something new.
    Ann je morala da kupi nešto novo.
    Let's go somewhere quiet.
    Hajde da odemo negde mirno.
  • Речи са any- се најчешће користе у негативним реченицама и неутралним питањима.
    She couldn't find anything suitable in her closet.
    Није могла да пронађе ништа одговарајуће у свом ормару.
    Has anybody seen my keys?
    Да ли је неко видео моје кључеве?
    I can't find my dog anywhere.
    Не могу нигде да пронађем свог пса.
  • U potvrdnim rečenicama, anyone / anything / anywhere može da znači „bilo koja osoba / bilo koja stvar / bilo koje mesto“.
    Anyone can learn English with enough practice.
    Свако може научити енглески уз довољно вежбе.
    You can choose anything from this menu.
    Можете изабрати било шта са овог менија.
    We can sit anywhere you like.
    Можемо седети где год желиш.
  • Речи са no- већ су негативне, па их обично користимо са потврдним глаголским обликом.

    no one / nobody / nothing / nowhere + positive verb

    Nothing happened.
    Ништа се није догодило.
    I have nobody to talk to.
    Немам никога с ким бих могао да разговарам.
    There was nowhere to park.
    Није било где да се паркира.
  • Речи са every- значе „сви људи / све ствари / сва места“, али граматички обично иду уз глагол у једнини.
    Everyone likes this teacher.
    Сви воле овог наставника.
    Everything is ready for the party.
    Sve je spremno za žurku.
    There are toys everywhere.
    Ima igračaka svuda.
  • Pridev dolazi posle neodređene zamenice: nešto zanimljivo, bilo ko poznat, negde toplo.
    There is nothing interesting on TV.
    На телевизији нема ничег занимљивог.
    I want to buy something useful.
    Желим да купим нешто корисно.
    Do you know anyone famous?
    Да ли познајеш некога познатог?
  • Често користимо to + infinitive после ових заменица: нешто за пиће, ништа за радити, неко да помогне.
    I'd like something to drink, please.
    Želeo bih nešto da popijem, molim vas.
    There is nothing to do in this town.
    У овом граду нема шта да се ради.
    We need someone to explain the rules.
    Потребан нам је неко да објасни правила.
  • Else dolazi posle neodređene zamenice i znači „još jedan / drugi / više”.
    Can I ask you something else?
    Могу ли да те питам још нешто?
    No one else knew the answer.
    Niko drugi nije znao odgovor.
    If Tom can't come, we'll ask somebody else.
    Ako Tom ne može da dođe, zamolićemo nekog drugog.
  • Можемо додати 's да покажемо припадност: нечија торба, било чији капут, телефон неког другог.
    This is somebody's notebook.
    Ово је нечија свеска.
    Is this anybody's coat?
    Да ли је ово нечији капут?

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Негација

U engleskom jeziku obično ne koristimo dve negacije u jednoj prostoj rečenici. Zato biramo jedan obrazac: ili odričan glagol + any- ili potvrdan glagol + no-.

not + anyone / anybody / anything / anywhere
= no one / nobody / nothing / nowhere

✅ I didn't hear anything.
✅ I heard nothing.
✅ I don't know anyone in this town.
✅ I know no one in this town.
✅ We didn't go anywhere.
✅ We went nowhere.
  • После not / never / hardly / seldom, обично користимо any-, а не no-.
    ✅ I have never seen anything like this.
    ❌ I have never seen nothing like this.
    ✅ She hardly knows anyone here.
    ❌ She hardly knows no one here.
  • Ako je odrična zamenica subjekat, upotrebite no- i potvrdan glagolski oblik.
    ✅ Nobody came.
    ❌ Anybody didn't come.
    ✅ Nothing will change my mind.
    ❌ Not anything will change my mind.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Питања

У неутралним питањима обично користимо anyone / anybody / anything / anywhere. У молбама и понудама често користимо some- јер очекујемо потврдан одговор или нудимо помоћ.

Is there + anything / anyone...?
Do / Did / Have + subject + anything / anyone / anywhere...?
Would you like + something...?
Can someone / somebody + verb...?

Is there anything in the bag?
Има ли ишта у торби?
Did you meet anyone at the party?
Да ли си упознао некога на журци?
Have you seen my keys anywhere?
Да ли си негде видео моје кључеве?
Would you like something to eat?
Da li biste želeli nešto da pojedete?
Can somebody help me?
Може ли ми неко помоћи?
Are you looking for someone?
Да ли тражите некога?

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Типичне грешке

Најчешће грешке су двострука негација, погрешан положај придева, глаголи у множини после everyone / everything и писање облика no one.

❌ I didn't see nothing.
✅ I didn't see anything.
✅ I saw nothing.
❌ Nobody didn't come.
✅ Nobody came.
❌ There isn't nowhere to sit.
✅ There isn't anywhere to sit.
✅ There is nowhere to sit.
❌ I don't know nobody here.
✅ I don't know anybody here.
✅ I know nobody here.
❌ I need interesting something to read.
✅ I need something interesting to read.
❌ Do you know someone here? (neutral question)
✅ Do you know anyone here?
✅ Are you looking for someone? (expected answer: yes)
❌ Everyone are ready.
✅ Everyone is ready.
❌ Everything were expensive.
✅ Everything was expensive.
❌ Noone called me.
✅ No one called me.
✅ Nobody called me.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Реченице

Someone left a message for you.
Неко вам је оставио поруку.
I need something for my headache.
Treba mi nešto za glavobolju.
Let's go somewhere quiet after work.
Хајде да одемо негде тихо после посла.
Did anyone call while I was out?
Да ли је неко звао док сам био одсутан?
There isn't anything in the fridge.
Нема ничега у фрижидеру.
I couldn't find my wallet anywhere.
Nisam mogao nigde da pronađem svoj novčanik.
Nobody knew the answer.
Niko nije znao odgovor.
There was nothing that could fit her.
Nije bilo ničega što bi joj odgovaralo.
There is nowhere to park near the school.
Нема где да се паркира у близини школе.
Everyone was happy with the result.
Svi su bili zadovoljni rezultatom.
Everything looks different in the morning.
Ујутру све изгледа другачије.
There were flowers everywhere.
Svuda je bilo cveća.
I want to tell you something important.
Желим да ти кажем нешто важно.
She didn't meet anyone interesting at the conference.
На конференцији није упознала никога занимљивог.
We have nothing to lose.
Немамо шта да изгубимо.

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Примери

A: Is there anything interesting on TV?
B: No, there is nothing interesting. Let's read something instead.
A: Did anyone come to the party?
B: No, nobody came because Jeff didn't tell anyone the date.
A: Would you like something to drink?
B: Yes, please. Do you have anything cold?
A: I can't find my keys anywhere.
B: Maybe they are somewhere in the kitchen.
A: Can someone explain this rule?
B: Yes. Everyone needs to understand the difference between anything and nothing.
Ann needed something to wear, but she couldn't find anything suitable, so she bought something new.
Ан је требало нешто да обуче, али није могла да нађе ништа одговарајуће, па је купила нешто ново.
I don't know anyone in this town, but I hope to meet someone nice soon.
Не познајем никога у овом граду, али се надам да ћу ускоро упознати неког финог.

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Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural