Possessives: mga pangungusap, pagsasanay, pagsusulit at halimbawa

Possessives: my vs mine ginagamit

Ang Possessives ay tumutulong sa atin na sabihin kung kanino pag-aari ang isang bagay. Inihahambing sa paksang ito ang dalawang magkahawig na grupo: possessive determiners bago ang isang pangngalan at possessive pronouns, na pumapalit sa buong pariralang pangngalan.

This is my phone.
Ito ang aking telepono.
This phone is mine.
Ang teleponong ito ay akin.
Is it your bag? Is it yours?
Bag mo ba ito? Sa iyo ba ito?
Her book is old. Hers is old.
Luma na ang kanyang aklat. Luma na ang sa kanya.

Possessives: my vs mine Porma

Ang possessive determiner ay laging nauuna sa isang pangngalan: my car, their house. Ang possessive pronoun ay nakatatayo nang mag-isa at pumapalit sa determiner + noun: mine = my car, theirs = their house.

Panghalip panao Bago ang isang pangngalan Nang walang pangngalan Halimbawa
I my mine It is my car. / It is mine.
you your yours Is this your charger? / Is it yours?
he his his It is his phone. / It is his.
she her hers It is her book. / It is hers.
it its — The dog has its bowl. / The dog has its own bowl.
we our ours It is our camera. / It is ours.
they their theirs It is their house. / It is theirs.

my phone → mine
your bag → yours
her book → hers
their house → theirs

Ang pangunahing pagkakaiba

Porma Posisyon Halimbawa
my / your / his / her / its / our / their bago ang isang pangngalan This is my phone.
mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs nag-iisa, walang pangngalan This phone is mine.

Possessives: my vs mine Batas

  • Gamitin ang mga pang-uring paari bago ang isang pangngalan upang ipakita kung kanino pag-aari ang isang bagay.

    possessive determiner + noun

    This is my phone.
    Ito ang aking telepono.
    He is in his room.
    Nasa kuwarto niya siya.
    Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
    Nagsipilyo ang mga bata at natulog.
  • Huwag gumamit ng a / an / the bago ang pang-angkop na nagmamay-ari. Tinutukoy na ng pang-angkop na nagmamay-ari ang pangngalan.
    ✅ Is this your hat?
    ❌ Is this the your hat?
  • Gamitin ang mga panghalip na paari kapag malinaw na ang pangngalan at hindi mo na kailangang ulitin ito.

    possessive determiner + noun → possessive pronoun

    My charger is black. Mine is black.
    Itim ang charger ko. Itim ang sa akin.
    Her book is old. Hers is old.
    Luma na ang kanyang aklat. Luma na ang sa kanya.
    I cannot find their house. I cannot find theirs.
    Hindi ko mahanap ang bahay nila. Hindi ko mahanap ang sa kanila.
  • Ang his ay may parehong anyo: his phone at the phone is his. Ngunit magkaiba ang her at hers: her phone, ngunit the phone is hers.
    Is this his jacket? Yes, it is his.
    Jaket ba niya ito? Oo, sa kanya ito.
    Is this her jacket? Yes, it is hers.
    Jaket niya ba ito? Oo, sa kanya ito.
  • Gamitin ang its para sa isang bagay, organisasyon, lugar, o hayop kapag hindi mo binibigyang-diin ang kasarian ng hayop. Gamitin ang their para sa ilang tao o bagay.
    Holland is famous for its tulips.
    Sikat ang Holland sa mga tulip nito.
    I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
    Mayroon akong dalawang aso. Ang mga pangalan nila ay Phil at Bard.
  • Magkaiba ang its at it's. Ang its ay nangangahulugang pag-aari ng isang bagay o hayop. Ang it's = it is o it has.
    ✅ The company has its own gym.
    ✅ It's a good company. (= it is)
  • Ang mga panghalip na paangkin ay hindi gumagamit ng kudlit: yours, ours, theirs. Ang mga anyong tulad ng your's, our's, at their's ay mga pagkakamali.
    ✅ This bag is yours.
    ❌ This bag is your's.
  • Pagkatapos ng isang pang-angking pantukoy, ang pangngalan ay maaaring isahan, maramihan, o di-mabilang.
    My phone is new.
    Bago ang aking telepono.
    My shoes are wet.
    Basa ang sapatos ko.
    My coffee is cold.
    Malamig ang kape ko.

Possessives: my vs mine Mga tanong

Upang magtanong tungkol sa pag-aari, gamitin ang Whose...?. Sa sagot, maaari kang gumamit ng pariralang pangngalan na may pang-uring paari o ng mas maikling panghalip na paari.

Whose + noun + is it?
Whose + noun + are they?
Is it + possessive pronoun?
Are they + possessive pronoun?

A: Whose phone is it?
B: It is my phone. / It is mine.
A: Is this your charger?
B: No, mine is black.
A: Is the book hers?
B: Yes, it is Bella's.
A: Whose bags are these?
B: They are ours.
A: Are these their keys?
B: Yes, they are theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Karaniwang pagkakamali

Karaniwang nagkakamali kapag ginagamit ang possessive determiner nang walang pangngalan, ginagamit ang possessive pronoun bago ang pangngalan, o napagpapalit ang mga pares tulad ng her / hers, your / yours, at their / theirs.

❌ It is she's book.
✅ It is her book.
❌ Whose flower is it? Is it your?
✅ Whose flower is it? Is it yours?
❌ No, I used my.
✅ No, I used mine.
❌ This is mine phone.
✅ This is my phone.
❌ This phone is my.
✅ This phone is mine.
❌ I have two dogs. Its names are Phil and Bard.
✅ I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
❌ The company has it's own gym.
✅ The company has its own gym.
❌ This camera is their's.
✅ This camera is theirs.
❌ Is this the your hat?
✅ Is this your hat?
❌ I cannot find their.
✅ I cannot find their house. / I cannot find theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Mga pangungusap

Is your brother at school?
Nasa paaralan ba ang kapatid mong lalaki?
He is in his room.
Nasa kuwarto niya siya.
Dad gave him his phone.
Ibinigay sa kanya ni Tatay ang kanyang telepono.
Where is my phone?
Nasaan ang aking telepono?
My charger is black, but yours is white.
Itim ang charger ko, pero puti ang sa iyo.
Is the book hers?
Sa kaniya ba ang aklat?
No, his is really old.
Hindi, talagang luma na ang kanya.
The dog has its own bowl.
May sarili itong mangkok para sa aso.
Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
Nagsipilyo ang mga bata at natulog.
Our camera is new, but theirs is better.
Bago ang aming kamera, ngunit mas maganda ang kanila.
This notebook is not mine. It is hers.
Ang kuwadernong ito ay hindi akin. Sa kanya ito.
Whose keys are these? Are they yours?
Kaninong mga susi ito? Iyo ba ang mga ito?

Possessives: my vs mine Mga halimbawa

My laptop is on the table, but yours is in the bedroom.
Nasa mesa ang laptop ko, ngunit ang sa iyo ay nasa silid-tulugan.
Sarah forgot her umbrella, so I gave her mine.
Nakalimutan ni Sarah ang payong niya, kaya ibinigay ko sa kanya ang akin.
We cannot use their car today because they need it.
Hindi natin magagamit ang kotse nila ngayon dahil kailangan nila ito.
This is not our suitcase. Ours is much smaller.
Hindi ito ang aming maleta. Ang sa amin ay mas maliit.
Mark says the blue jacket is his.
Sinasabi ni Mark na sa kanya ang asul na dyaket.
Anna is looking for her bag, but this one is not hers.
Hinahanap ni Anna ang kanyang bag, ngunit hindi sa kanya ang isang ito.
The restaurant is famous for its seafood.
Sikat ang restawran sa mga pagkaing-dagat nito.
They sold their old house and bought a new one.
Ibinenta nila ang kanilang lumang bahay at bumili ng bago.
If you cannot find your pen, you can use mine.
Kung hindi mo mahanap ang iyong bolpen, maaari mong gamitin ang akin.
Whose project is better, ours or theirs?
Kaninong proyekto ang mas maganda, ang atin o ang kanila?

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Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural