Possessives: sentensi, mazoezi, mitihani na mifano

Possessives: my vs mine tunatumia

Vimiliki hutusaidia kusema kitu ni cha nani. Mada hii inalinganisha makundi mawili yanayofanana: vibainishi vya umiliki kabla ya nomino na viwakilishi vya umiliki, ambavyo huchukua nafasi ya kirai kizima cha nomino.

This is my phone.
Hii ni simu yangu.
This phone is mine.
Simu hii ni yangu.
Is it your bag? Is it yours?
Ni begi yako? Ni yako?
Her book is old. Hers is old.
Kitabu chake ni cha zamani. Chake ni cha zamani.

Possessives: my vs mine Fomu

Kibainishi kimilikishi daima huja kabla ya nomino: gari langu, nyumba yao. Kiwakilishi kimilikishi husimama peke yake na kuchukua nafasi ya kibainishi + nomino: changu = gari langu, yao = nyumba yao.

Kiwakilishi nafsi Kabla ya nomino Bila nomino Mfano
I my mine It is my car. / It is mine.
you your yours Is this your charger? / Is it yours?
he his his It is his phone. / It is his.
she her hers It is her book. / It is hers.
it its β€” The dog has its bowl. / The dog has its own bowl.
we our ours It is our camera. / It is ours.
they their theirs It is their house. / It is theirs.

my phone β†’ mine
your bag β†’ yours
her book β†’ hers
their house β†’ theirs

Tofauti kuu

Fomu Nafasi Mfano
my / your / his / her / its / our / their kabla ya nomino This is my phone.
mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs pekee, bila nomino This phone is mine.

Possessives: my vs mine Sheria

  • Tumia viambishi vya umilikaji kabla ya nomino kuonyesha kitu ni cha nani.

    possessive determiner + noun

    This is my phone.
    Hii ni simu yangu.
    He is in his room.
    Yuko chumbani kwake.
    Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
    Watoto walipiga mswaki na kwenda kulala.
  • Usitumie a / an / the kabla ya kibainishi cha umiliki. Kibainishi cha umiliki tayari kinaitambulisha nomino.
    βœ… Is this your hat?
    ❌ Is this the your hat?
  • Tumia viwakilishi vya umilikaji wakati nomino tayari iko wazi na huhitaji kuirudia.

    possessive determiner + noun β†’ possessive pronoun

    My charger is black. Mine is black.
    Chaja yangu ni nyeusi. Yangu ni nyeusi.
    Her book is old. Hers is old.
    Kitabu chake ni cha zamani. Chake ni cha zamani.
    I cannot find their house. I cannot find theirs.
    Siwezi kupata nyumba yao. Siwezi kupata yao.
  • His ina umbo lilelile: simu yake na simu ni yake. Lakini her na hers ni tofauti: simu yake, lakini simu ni yake.
    Is this his jacket? Yes, it is his.
    Je, hii ni jaketi lake? Ndiyo, ni lake.
    Is this her jacket? Yes, it is hers.
    Je, hili ni koti lake? Ndiyo, ni lake.
  • Tumia its kwa kitu kimoja, shirika, mahali, au mnyama wakati husisitizi jinsia ya mnyama. Tumia their kwa watu au vitu kadhaa.
    Holland is famous for its tulips.
    Uholanzi ni maarufu kwa maua yake ya tulipu.
    I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
    Nina mbwa wawili. Majina yao ni Phil na Bard.
  • Its na it's ni tofauti. Its humaanisha umiliki wa kitu au mnyama. It's = it is au it has.
    βœ… The company has its own gym.
    βœ… It's a good company. (= it is)
  • Viwakilishi vya kumiliki havitumii apostrofi: yako, yetu, yao. Miundo kama your's, our's, na their's ni makosa.
    βœ… This bag is yours.
    ❌ This bag is your's.
  • Baada ya kibainishi kimilikishi, nomino inaweza kuwa ya umoja, wingi, au isiyohesabika.
    My phone is new.
    Simu yangu ni mpya.
    My shoes are wet.
    Viatu vyangu vimelowa.
    My coffee is cold.
    Kahawa yangu ni baridi.

Possessives: my vs mine Maswali

Kuuliza kuhusu umiliki, tumia Whose...?. Katika jibu, unaweza kutumia kishazi cha nomino chenye kibainishi cha umilikaji au kiwakilishi kifupi cha umilikaji.

Whose + noun + is it?
Whose + noun + are they?
Is it + possessive pronoun?
Are they + possessive pronoun?

A: Whose phone is it?
B: It is my phone. / It is mine.
A: Is this your charger?
B: No, mine is black.
A: Is the book hers?
B: Yes, it is Bella's.
A: Whose bags are these?
B: They are ours.
A: Are these their keys?
B: Yes, they are theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Makosa ya kawaida

Makosa ya kawaida hutokea wakati kielezi cha umilikaji kinapotumiwa bila nomino, kiwakilishi cha umilikaji kinapotumiwa kabla ya nomino, au jozi kama her / hers, your / yours, na their / theirs zinapochanganywa.

❌ It is she's book.
βœ… It is her book.
❌ Whose flower is it? Is it your?
βœ… Whose flower is it? Is it yours?
❌ No, I used my.
βœ… No, I used mine.
❌ This is mine phone.
βœ… This is my phone.
❌ This phone is my.
βœ… This phone is mine.
❌ I have two dogs. Its names are Phil and Bard.
βœ… I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
❌ The company has it's own gym.
βœ… The company has its own gym.
❌ This camera is their's.
βœ… This camera is theirs.
❌ Is this the your hat?
βœ… Is this your hat?
❌ I cannot find their.
βœ… I cannot find their house. / I cannot find theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Sentensi

Is your brother at school?
Je, ndugu yako yuko shuleni?
He is in his room.
Yuko chumbani kwake.
Dad gave him his phone.
Baba alimpa simu yake.
Where is my phone?
Simu yangu iko wapi?
My charger is black, but yours is white.
Chaja yangu ni nyeusi, lakini yako ni nyeupe.
Is the book hers?
Je, kitabu ni chake?
No, his is really old.
Hapana, ya kwake ni ya zamani sana.
The dog has its own bowl.
Mbwa ana bakuli lake mwenyewe.
Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
Watoto walipiga mswaki na kwenda kulala.
Our camera is new, but theirs is better.
Kamera yetu ni mpya, lakini yao ni bora zaidi.
This notebook is not mine. It is hers.
Daftari hili si langu. Ni lake.
Whose keys are these? Are they yours?
Funguo hizi ni za nani? Je, ni zako?

Possessives: my vs mine Mifano

My laptop is on the table, but yours is in the bedroom.
Kompyuta yangu mpakato iko juu ya meza, lakini yako iko chumbani.
Sarah forgot her umbrella, so I gave her mine.
Sarah alisahau mwavuli wake, kwa hiyo nikampa wangu.
We cannot use their car today because they need it.
Hatuwezi kutumia gari lao leo kwa sababu wanalihitaji.
This is not our suitcase. Ours is much smaller.
Hili si sanduku letu. Letu ni dogo zaidi.
Mark says the blue jacket is his.
Mark anasema kwamba koti la buluu ni lake.
Anna is looking for her bag, but this one is not hers.
Anna anatafuta begi lake, lakini hili si lake.
The restaurant is famous for its seafood.
Mkahawa huo ni maarufu kwa vyakula vyake vya baharini.
They sold their old house and bought a new one.
Waliuza nyumba yao ya zamani na kununua mpya.
If you cannot find your pen, you can use mine.
Ikiwa huwezi kupata kalamu yako, unaweza kutumia yangu.
Whose project is better, ours or theirs?
Mradi wa nani ni bora zaidi, wetu au wao?

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