Possessives: abairtí, cleachtaí, tástálacha agus samplaí

Possessives: my vs mine úsáidimid

Cuidíonn forainmneacha sealbhacha linn a rá cé leis rud éigin. Déanann an topaic seo comparáid idir dhá ghrúpa chosúla: forainmneacha aidiachtúla sealbhacha roimh ainmfhocal agus forainmneacha sealbhacha, a thagann in ionad na habairte ainmfhoclaí uile.

This is my phone.
Seo é mo ghuthán.
This phone is mine.
Is liomsa an fón seo.
Is it your bag? Is it yours?
An é do mhála é? An leatsa é?
Her book is old. Hers is old.
Tá a leabhar sean. Tá a ceannsean sean.

Possessives: my vs mine Fhoirm

Tagann forainm sealbhach mar aidiacht i gcónaí roimh ainmfhocal: mo charr, a dteach. Seasann forainm sealbhach leis féin agus cuireann sé in ionad aidiacht shealbhach + ainmfhocal: liomsa = mo charr, leosan = a dteach.

Forainm pearsanta Roimh ainmfhocal Gan ainmfhocal Sampla
I my mine It is my car. / It is mine.
you your yours Is this your charger? / Is it yours?
he his his It is his phone. / It is his.
she her hers It is her book. / It is hers.
it its — The dog has its bowl. / The dog has its own bowl.
we our ours It is our camera. / It is ours.
they their theirs It is their house. / It is theirs.

my phone → mine
your bag → yours
her book → hers
their house → theirs

An phríomhdhifríocht

Foirm Post Sampla
my / your / his / her / its / our / their roimh ainmfhocal This is my phone.
mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs ina aonar, gan ainmfhocal This phone is mine.

Possessives: my vs mine Riail

  • Úsáid forainmneacha seilbhe roimh ainmfhocal chun a léiriú cé leis rud éigin.

    possessive determiner + noun

    This is my phone.
    Seo é mo ghuthán.
    He is in his room.
    Tá sé ina sheomra.
    Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
    Scuab na páistí a gcuid fiacla agus chuaigh siad a luí.
  • Ná húsáid a / an / the roimh chinntitheoir sealbhach. Aithníonn an cinntitheoir sealbhach an t-ainmfhocal cheana féin.
    ✅ Is this your hat?
    ❌ Is this the your hat?
  • Bain úsáid as forainmneacha sealbhacha nuair atá an t-ainmfhocal soiléir cheana féin agus nach gá duit é a athrá.

    possessive determiner + noun → possessive pronoun

    My charger is black. Mine is black.
    Tá mo luchtóir dubh. Tá mo cheannsa dubh.
    Her book is old. Hers is old.
    Tá a leabhar sean. Tá a ceannsean sean.
    I cannot find their house. I cannot find theirs.
    Ní féidir liom a dteach a aimsiú. Ní féidir liom a gcuidse a aimsiú.
  • Tá an fhoirm chéanna ag his: his phone agus the phone is his. Ach tá her agus hers difriúil: her phone, ach the phone is hers.
    Is this his jacket? Yes, it is his.
    An é seo a sheaicéad? Is ea, is leis é.
    Is this her jacket? Yes, it is hers.
    An í seo a seaicéad? Sea, is léi í.
  • Úsáid a le haghaidh rud amháin, eagraíocht, áit, nó ainmhí nuair nach bhfuil tú ag cur béime ar inscne an ainmhí. Úsáid a le haghaidh roinnt daoine nó rudaí.
    Holland is famous for its tulips.
    Tá cáil ar an Ollainn as a tiúilipí.
    I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
    Tá dhá mhadra agam. Phil agus Bard is ainm dóibh.
  • Tá its agus it's difriúil. Ciallaíonn its seilbh ar rud nó ar ainmhí. It's = it is nó it has.
    ✅ The company has its own gym.
    ✅ It's a good company. (= it is)
  • Ní úsáidtear uaschamóga le forainmneacha sealbhacha: leatsa, linne, leo siúd. Is botúin iad foirmeacha cosúil le your's, our's, agus their's.
    ✅ This bag is yours.
    ❌ This bag is your's.
  • Tar éis aidiachta sealbhaí, is féidir leis an ainmfhocal a bheith uatha, iolra, nó do-áirithe.
    My phone is new.
    Tá mo ghuthán nua.
    My shoes are wet.
    Tá mo bhróga fliuch.
    My coffee is cold.
    Tá mo chaife fuar.

Possessives: my vs mine Ceisteanna

Chun ceist a chur faoi sheilbh, úsáid Cé leis...?. Sa fhreagra, is féidir leat frása ainmfhoclach a úsáid le forainm sealbhach nó forainm sealbhach níos giorra.

Whose + noun + is it?
Whose + noun + are they?
Is it + possessive pronoun?
Are they + possessive pronoun?

A: Whose phone is it?
B: It is my phone. / It is mine.
A: Is this your charger?
B: No, mine is black.
A: Is the book hers?
B: Yes, it is Bella's.
A: Whose bags are these?
B: They are ours.
A: Are these their keys?
B: Yes, they are theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Botúin choitianta

Tarlaíonn botúin choitianta nuair a úsáidtear aidiacht shealbhach gan ainmfhocal, forainm sealbhach roimh ainmfhocal, nó nuair a mheasctar péirí ar nós a / a cuid, do / do chuid, agus a / a gcuid.

❌ It is she's book.
✅ It is her book.
❌ Whose flower is it? Is it your?
✅ Whose flower is it? Is it yours?
❌ No, I used my.
✅ No, I used mine.
❌ This is mine phone.
✅ This is my phone.
❌ This phone is my.
✅ This phone is mine.
❌ I have two dogs. Its names are Phil and Bard.
✅ I have two dogs. Their names are Phil and Bard.
❌ The company has it's own gym.
✅ The company has its own gym.
❌ This camera is their's.
✅ This camera is theirs.
❌ Is this the your hat?
✅ Is this your hat?
❌ I cannot find their.
✅ I cannot find their house. / I cannot find theirs.

Possessives: my vs mine Abairtí

Is your brother at school?
An bhfuil do dheartháir ar scoil?
He is in his room.
Tá sé ina sheomra.
Dad gave him his phone.
Thug Daidí a fhón dó.
Where is my phone?
Cá bhfuil mo ghuthán?
My charger is black, but yours is white.
Tá mo luchtaire dubh, ach tá do cheannsa bán.
Is the book hers?
An leis an leabhar di?
No, his is really old.
Ní hea, tá a cheannsa an-sean i ndáiríre.
The dog has its own bowl.
Tá a bhabhla féin ag an madra.
Children brushed their teeth and went to bed.
Scuab na páistí a gcuid fiacla agus chuaigh siad a luí.
Our camera is new, but theirs is better.
Tá ár gceamara nua, ach tá a gceannsa níos fearr.
This notebook is not mine. It is hers.
Ní liomsa an leabhar nótaí seo. Is léi-sean é.
Whose keys are these? Are they yours?
Cé leis na heochracha seo? An leatsa iad?

Possessives: my vs mine Samplaí

My laptop is on the table, but yours is in the bedroom.
Tá mo ríomhaire glúine ar an mbord, ach tá do cheannsa sa seomra leapa.
Sarah forgot her umbrella, so I gave her mine.
Rinne Sarah dearmad ar a scáth báistí, mar sin thug mé mo cheannsa di.
We cannot use their car today because they need it.
Ní féidir linn a gcarr a úsáid inniu mar tá sé de dhíth orthu.
This is not our suitcase. Ours is much smaller.
Ní hé seo ár mála taistil. Tá ár gceann i bhfad níos lú.
Mark says the blue jacket is his.
Deir Mark gur leis an seaicéad gorm.
Anna is looking for her bag, but this one is not hers.
Tá Anna ag lorg a mála, ach ní léi an ceann seo.
The restaurant is famous for its seafood.
Tá cáil ar an mbialann as a cuid bia mara.
They sold their old house and bought a new one.
Dhíol siad a seanteach agus cheannaigh siad ceann nua.
If you cannot find your pen, you can use mine.
Mura bhfuil tú in ann do pheann a aimsiú, is féidir leat mise a úsáid.
Whose project is better, ours or theirs?
Cé acu tionscadal is fearr, ár gceannsa nó a gceannsiad?

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Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural